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Packaging and
labelling
Definition from Wikipedia,
the free encyclopedia.
Contents:
1 The purpose of packaging and labels
2 Packaging materials
3 Packaging types
4 Packaging Machines
The purpose of packaging
and labels
Packaging and labeling have five objectives:
Physical protection of the object - The objects
enclosed in the package can be protected from damage caused by
physical force, rain, heat, sunlight, cold, pressure, airborne
contamination, and automated handling devices.
Agglomeration - Small objects are typically grouped
together in one package for reasons of efficiency. For example,
a single box of 1000 pencils requires less physical handling
than 1000 single pencils. Alternatively, bulk commodities (such
as salt) can be divided into packages that are a more suitable
size for individual households.
Information transmission - Information on how to use,
transport, or dispose of the product is often contained on the
package or label. An example is pharmaceutical products, where
some types of information are required by governments.
Marketing - The packaging and labels can be used by
marketers to encourage potential buyers to purchase the product.
Reducing theft - Some packages are made larger than
they need to be so as to make theft more difficult. An example
is software packages that typically contain only a single disc
even though they are large enough to contain dozens of discs.
Packaging materials
Commonly used packaging materials include:
 | corrugated cardboard |
| excelsior (wood wool) |
| jute |
| paper |
| plastics, including expanded polystyrene |
| wood |
| bubble wrap |
The type of material chosen depends on: the sensitivity of
the product; the types of damage that are likely; the value of
the product; the size of the product; the weight of the product;
the length of time the product will be packaged; and the method
of shipping being used.
Packaging types
The above materials are fashioned into different types of
packages and containers such as:
| Boxes |
| Pallets |
| Bags |
| Bottles |
| Cans |
| Cartons |
| Aseptic packages |
| Wrappers |
| Blister packs |
There are also special containers that combine different
technologies for maximum durability:
| Wine box (used for wine) |
| Bags-In-Boxes (used for soft drink syrup and other liquid
products) |
Packaging
Machines
Packaging machines are of the following main types:
| Container or Bottle Blow Moulding Machines |
| Horizontal Form Fill and Seal Machines |
| Vertical Form Fill and Seal Machines |
| Cartoning Machines |
| Case Packing Machines |
| Foil Shrink Packers |
| Blistering Machines |
| Palletizing Machines |
| Bottling or Canning Machines |
| Labelling Machines |
| Quality Control Machines |
The above only to mention some major machines available. In
order to complete a packaging factory line, of course many other
packaging machines, devices and accessories are required as well
as pallet, package and container conveyors with their
corresponding programmable controls in order to connect all
these machines to each other and make the line functioning.
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